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Khudai Khidmatgars’ Resistance against Colonial Rule and its Search for Affiliation

Abstract

The people of North-West Frontier Province (N-WFP) suffered a worst kind of humiliation for gaining political and constitutional rights from British India. The Russian threat compelled the British to manage the affairs of N-WF from a security perspective. Viceroy Lord Curzon separated N-WFP from Punjab in 1901. The Pashtuns as part of Indian nation demanded rights and stood against British atrocities during Khilafat and Hijrat Movements. The Pashtun even started the non-violent Khudai Khidmatgars (God’s Servants) Movement (KKM) as a social movement under the leadership of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan. The British perceived it as inimical to its own interest, thus making the movement a torch-bearer of resistance in the province. As a movement of Pashtuns in a single province, it could not alone withstand the British Raj, for which it needed an all-India level political support of either All-India Muslim League (AIML) or All-India National Congress (AINC) which culminated in the affiliation with the latter. The present study endeavors to answer the questions that what kind of a resistance KKM put against the British colonial rule and why it made a quest for affiliation with a party at All-India level?

Authors

  • Dr. Azmat Ullah
  • Assistant Professor, Department of History, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Rabia Hayat
  • Ph. D Scholar, Department of History, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Fahim Ullah Khan
  • M. Phil Pakistan Studies, M. Phil Pakistan Studies, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

Keywords

Affiliation, Congress, Khudai Khidmatgars, Muslim League, Non-Violence, N-WFP, Pashtuns

DOI Number

10.47205/plhr.2021(5-II)2.49

DOI Link

http://doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2021(5-II)2.49

Page Nos

661-672

Volume & Issue

v5-2

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Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review (PLHR) by Orients Social Research Consultancy (OSRC) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://plhr.org.pk/

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