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Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Reign: An Analysis of White Revolution
Abstract
The study aims to explore the period of Pahlavi’s family, who is known as the last monarchy of Iran. Iran was ruled by the two members of Pahlavi’s family and they ruled over Iran for fifty three years. Their ruling tenure to be considers very significant in the Iranian history. After the downfall of Reza Shah’s monarchy in 1941, his son Muhammad Reza Shah became the next monarch of Iran who ruled from 1941-1979. He continued his father’s reforms regarding modernization and the reasons behind these modern developments were the influence of the west. Existing data describes that Land reforms were the core of White revolution which created politically and economically uncertainty in the country. The descriptive analysis will evaluate about the Muhammad Reza Shah’s reforms plan called ‘White Revolution’ which was prepared according to the desire of U.S government. This revolution solidified national support and he had to face criticism especially from clerics on his policies of unequal dispersal of oil wealth, autocratic rule, corruption, enforced western style reforms and the actions of SAVAK (secret police). The findings suggest and indicate towards the argumentative planes of Shah led to the Islamic revolution of 1979.
Authors
Dr. Muhammad Muzaffar
Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, GC Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
Rizwana Kausar
Ph. D. Scholar, Department of Political Science and International Relations, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Naila Afzal
Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Gift University Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan
