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How to Cite
Tactical Nuclear Weapons: Pakistan’s Full-Spectrum Punitive Offensive Conventional Military Strategy and Punitive Nuclear Retaliation
Abstract
TNWs have ranges less than 500 kilometers. TNWs are traced to Cold War era. Pakistan introduced TNWs in response to General V.P. Malik’s CSD. Malik introduced it to reduce involvement of political hierarchy in Indian military strategic planning during crisis situation. Only this study claims that CSD is replica of Clausewitz’s indirect military strategy. Qualitative approach, Waltz’s philosophy, theory of nuclear deterrence and vertical extended deterrence are applied for the completion of this academic research. Objective of this study is to highlight Pakistan’s development of Full Spectrum Punitive Offensive Conventional Military Strategy (FSPOMS) and Full Spectrum Punitive Nuclear Retaliation. Author claims revolution in Indian military is resulting in changes e.g. change No-First Use to first use. Indian Strategic Forces Command will cheat and authorize first-strike against Pakistan’s counterforce and counter value targets. India is deploying nuclear weapons to adopt super-ready status. It increases chances of nuclear war in South Asia.
Authors
Dr. Ashfaq Ahmed
Assistant Professor, Department of Politics & International Relations (DPIR), University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
Saima Kausar
Member, Board of Expert Center for Global and Security Studies (CGSS), Islamabad Pakistan
Sarwat Chodhary
M. S Scholar, Department of Political Science, GC Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
